SIEMENSSTADT HOUSING ESTATE
The large housing estate with rental apartments for up to 5,000 people was realized between 1929 and 1931 as social housing for worker's families by various architects, including Walter Gropius and Hugo Häring. The planning was led by the city's building councilor Martin Wagner, while Scharoun drew up the overall urban development plan. The decision to build in rows, however, was a collective one. In the southern part of the settlement, opposite the Siemens factory, Scharoun realized three rows of buildings around a funnel-shaped square and also moved into an apartment there himself.
Because of the ship motifs, one of the building blocks was later nicknamed "Panzerkreuzer." The ship-like character is suggested not only by the form and detailing, but also by the membranous character of the outer wall, since the wall appears as an extremely thin skin at the balconies, which extend with curves, and the crowning "command bridge". The type of apartment occupied by Scharoun himself is characterized by a double-sided living space. Sunlight enters through a box-like flower window in the morning and through a loggia in the evening.
The heavily greened development was conceived as a counter-model to the typical Berlin perimeter block development with side wings, cross buildings and backyards. "Instead, street, house and garden should stand side by side on an equal footing, each independent, one supporting the other. So: instead of street and streetscape, park-like green landscape," Scharoun argued, demanding that "house be able to assert itself against landscape and landscape against house." These considerations later culminated in his concept of the "cityscape" as an antithesis to the historic urban layout.